EXPLORING POST-COVID-19 COMPLICATIONS: A MULTISYSTEM BIOMEDICAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has left one of the enduring clinical legacy beyond acute infection: a spectrum of the persistent as well as emergent multisystem complications collectively which is referred to as the post-acute sequelae of the  SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) or Long COVID. The current paper will unite the current data on epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and potential therapeutic and monitoring meaning of the post-COVID complications in the different body systems. Our model of interactions between immune dysregulation, viral persistence, microvascular injury, autonomic dysfunction, and metabolic reprogramming that lead to chronic pulmonary, cardiovascular, neurological, renal, endocrine, hematological and psychiatric sequelae is based on recent systematic reviews, mechanistic studies and longitudinal cohorts. We present a cross-sectional cohort design of patient recovery, present findings on the sample of consecutive patients representative of report on the prevalence of symptoms and biological indicators, discuss tendencies in order to qualify the original disease severity and vaccination rates and commenting on clinical and public-health implications. This is followed by recommendations on integrated multispecialty clinics, standardised outcome measures, prioritised research question, and policy measures to reduce the burden of long COVID on individuals and health systems, and the paper is concluded.